Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect or ascending perennial herbs 4–20 dm tall, sometimes somewhat woody toward base.

Stems: Stems few to many-branched, glabrous or sparsely strigillose.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite and decussate (pairs of leaves alternating 90 degrees between nodes). Blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3–10 cm long, 1–1.5 cm wide. Apex acute. Base attenuate. Surfaces finely scaberulous. Margins coarsely serrate. Veins prominent. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers numerous in several slender, terminal spikes 3–12 cm long, sparsely short–pilose throughout; Bracts subulate, shorter than to as long as the calyx; short–pilose. Flowers bisexual (perfect), alternate, nearly zygomorphic. Calyx sometimes purple, 1.5–2.3 mm long. Corolla usually blue, occasionally pale blue, lavender, or purple, ca. 2–3 mm long, 5-lobed, imbricate. Stamens 4, in 2 pairs, inserted on and included in corolla tube; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 4-lobed, 2-carpellate, 4-celled, placentation axile; ovules 1 per cell, attached laterally or near base, erect, anatropous; style 2-lobed, the lobes dissimilar, only 1 stigmatic.

Fruit: Schizocarps readily separating at maturity into 4 crustaceous nutlets; pericarp hard and dry. Seeds 1 per nutlet; oblong; triangular in cross section; endosperm essentially absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 28; 56

Habitat: Occurring in dry to wet; disturbed habitats.

Elevation Range: 10–2,280 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

Synonyms (32)

Verbena affinis M.Martens & Galeotti (1844)

Verbena bonariensis (Misapplied)

Verbena bonariensis var. litoralis (Kunth) Hook. ex Müll.Berol. (1845)

Verbena brasiliensis var. subglabrata Moldenke (1950)

Verbena cajamarcensis Binder ex Molinari (2015)

Verbena caracasana Kunth (1818)

Verbena carolina var. glabra Moldenke (1959)

Verbena gentryi Moldenke (1941)

Verbena glabrata var. tenuispicata Moldenke (1967)

Verbena integrifolia Sessé & Moc. (1886)

Verbena integrifolia f. albiflora Moldenke (1968)

Verbena lanceolata Willd. ex Spreng. (1825)

Verbena litoralis f. albiflora (Moldenke) Moldenke (1979)

Verbena litoralis f. magnifolia Moldenke (1977)

Verbena litoralis var. albiflora Moldenke (1940)

Verbena litoralis var. caracasana (Kunth) Briq. (1904)

Verbena litoralis var. glabrior Benth. (1846)

Verbena litoralis var. leptostachya Schauer (1847)

Verbena litoralis var. litoralis

Verbena litoralis var. melanopotamica Hauman (1913)

Verbena litoralis var. portoricensis Moldenke (1982)

Verbena litoralis var. pycnostachya Schauer (1847)

Verbena litoralis var. subglabrata (Moldenke) N.O'Leary & Múlgura (2012)

Verbena longifolia M.Martens & Galeotti (1844)

Verbena longifolia f. albiflora Moldenke (1961)

Verbena longifolia var. pubescens Moldenke (1966)

Verbena minutiflora var. peruviana Moldenke (1981)

Verbena nudiflora Nutt. ex Turcz. (1863)

Verbena paucifolia Turcz. (1863)

Verbena sedula Moldenke (1955)

Verbena sedula var. darwinii Moldenke (1968)

Verbena sedula var. fournieri Moldenke (1969)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Naturalized

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized

Kaua'i Naturalized

O'ahu Naturalized

Molokai Naturalized

Lana'i Naturalized

Kaho'olawe Naturalized

Maui Naturalized

Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Specimens

Conservation Status

IUCN:Data Deficient

Hawaii Pacific Weed Risk Assessment Rating:High Risk

HPWRA Score:15

Notes

Description digitized by Ikaika Mendez
Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
Has been used medicinally in Hawai'i especially as a mash applied to cuts and bruises and also to sprained and fractured areas.
in 1837, specific locality unknown

Bibliography

Name Published In: F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 276 (1818)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1325 (Mi, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H)

Occurrences

SNo.	Scientific Name	Locality	Habitat	Basis of Record	Description	Recorded By	Record Number	Island	Source	Date
1	Verbena litoralis	North Kona District; Burn area, ca 1.5 km E of Western end of Kona Highway, ca 300 m SW of Keamuku Flow, ca 300 m SSE of Boundary	Pennisetum grassland, gentle slopes, A'a lava; associates Pennisetum setaceum, Dodonaea viscosa	Preserved_Specimen		Close, B.	109426	Hawaii	BISH	1994-10-29
2	Verbena litoralis	Peacock Flat, Waianae Mts	roadside, dry forest	Preserved_Specimen	herb to 1 m. Stems are quadrangular. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; margins serrate; tops glandular, hirsute below. Flowering heads terminal, small. Flowers blue.	Spence, G.	209	Oahu	BISH	1973-09-06
3	Verbena litoralis	Puu Laau	Weed growing near the hunter's cabin.	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5210	Hawaii	BISH	1975-01-18
4	Verbena litoralis	Kahaluu; Kailua; Kapua	Koa forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
5	Verbena litoralis	Laie	clay, pasture	Preserved_Specimen	herb 1-6', tall slender stems	Guinto, J.	27	Oahu	BISH	1986-03-06
6	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; track to 1986 burn area (from Ranch HQ)	4WD access track to burn area.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
7	Verbena litoralis	Kawa side of Kahana Valley, pass the main gate and the marshy area	along jeep trail, open areas	Preserved_Specimen	common weed, ~4', with light blue flowers	Herat, T.	158	Oahu	BISH	1972-08-14
8	Verbena litoralis	Kahuku, Ocean View Estates,	open dry forest on a'a lava at junction of King Kamehameha Blvd. and Walaka Drive.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed with blue flowers.	Herbst, D.R.	5068	Hawaii	BISH	1974-10-09
9	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea	weed in abandoned sorghum field	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5244	Kauai	BISH	1975-02-27
10	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, 3830 Tantalus Dr., access road to Puu Ohia	roadside in wet forest; with Phyllostachys nigra, Bidens cynapiifolia, Panicum maximum.	Preserved_Specimen	to 4-20 dm tall; corolla blue	Ray, G.	50	Oahu	BISH	1997-09-15
11	Verbena litoralis	Kewalo, back of Punchbowl	open, dry, roadside	Preserved_Specimen	1 m tall; flower - small, inconspicous, lavender	Judd, C.S.	11	Oahu	BISH	1924-11-06
12	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District	Found growing on the side of the old railroad.	Preserved_Specimen		ESP Field Crew		Hawaii	BISH	1979-08-15
13	Verbena litoralis	1750' Field 123, Honokaa GSugar Co. Hamakua District	Common weed at field edge, and on jeep roads through field, not present inside mature stand.	Preserved_Specimen	Perennial root, plants 30- 48 tall, corolla pale blue	Tomich, P.Q.	911	Hawaii	BISH	1960-03-18
14	Verbena litoralis	Lower half of Kaala Road	mesic forest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers lavender	Annable, C.R.	3727	Oahu	BISH	1997-10-15
15	Verbena litoralis	E central part of island, slope of Moaula	Herb about 3' tall growing in shade of Prosopis pallida tree on rock outcropping.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple.	Cuddihy, L.W.	428	Kahoolawe	BISH	1980-04-25
16	Verbena litoralis	Waikane-Schofield trail, Koolau Mts, Kahana	along trail	Preserved_Specimen	fls. lavendar	Fosberg, F.R.	10276	Oahu	BISH	1933-09-22
17	Verbena litoralis	Trail to Kaluiwaa (Sacred Falls), outside forest Reserve	At base of foot path trail.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-03-21
18	Verbena litoralis	Drive down Chain of Craters Road about 12.9 miles toward Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Road	Plant was across road (N) from turnoff to Naulu Picnic Area. (plot 5) Shrub about 3 feet tall, at roadside..	Preserved_Specimen		Newell, C.L.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1966-08-20
19	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa on Mauna Kea; above Pohakuloa Military Camp. Pohakuloa burn 1979	Pohakuloa burn 1979.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
20	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Kaupo Gap	Dry volcanic gravel by trail.	Preserved_Specimen	Flws lavender-blue.	St.John, H.	21182	Maui	BISH	1945-08-27
21	Verbena litoralis	Kipapa Gulch, Wahiawa	moderately moist pineapple field	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	422	Oahu	BISH	1931-06-18
22	Verbena litoralis	Waimea Audubon Center, Waimea Valley, Oahu, Hawaii	Growing at the water fall just at edge of pond and edge of stream, dry to moist conditions.	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub, spindly, flowers purple, on spikes.	Crago, L.M.	2005207	Oahu	BISH	2005-10-18
23	Verbena litoralis	Waiapaa Gulch, flat area near the road above	Growing near Grevillea robusta, Psidium guajava, Molasses grass and other introduced and native plants.	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	920004	Lanai	BISH	1992-01-26
24	Verbena litoralis	North Kohala District, Kalala ahupua'a, Lahikiola cinder cone	In Kikuyu grassland	Preserved_Specimen		Bunch, P.M.	112	Hawaii	BISH	1989-03-13
25	Verbena litoralis	Kaalualu Bay near South Point	Only one individual found in waste area.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb up to one m in height with small purplish flowers.	Whistler, W.A.	42	Hawaii	BISH	1972-04-06
26	Verbena litoralis	South Kohala: Waimea, Lalamilo	Range paddock; occasional.	Preserved_Specimen	Branching plant 1-3 ft.	Hosaka, E.Y.	2122	Hawaii	BISH	1938-06-01
27	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Upper Kaupo Gap	in tall Dodonaea scrubland with Eupatorium. Nearly level with rocky rubble on ground.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple	Higashino, P.K.	885	Maui	BISH	1975-06-22
28	Verbena litoralis	Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road	about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20 deg. north of road. Plot 19	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub about 4 ft. tall	Newell, C.L.	966	Hawaii	BISH	1967-06-23
29	Verbena litoralis	near Koko Head, Kaluanui Ridge,Koolau Range	guava zone; at summit	Preserved_Specimen		Egler, F.E.	3783	Oahu	BISH	1937-07-01
30	Verbena litoralis	Kaimuki, Honolulu	roadside	Preserved_Specimen		Fosberg, F.R.	8856	Oahu	BISH	1932-09-24
31	Verbena litoralis	0.5 mi NW of Puu Keekee, just SE of Parker Ranch fenceline;	on rockpile, vegetation Myoporum-Chamaesyce dominant,	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4688	Hawaii	BISH	1982-11-17
32	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Hawaii, United States		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
33	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream	Approximately 1/2 mile from ocean.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-05-18
34	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley	on trail	Preserved_Specimen		Hasegawa, M.		Oahu	BISH	1932-04-03
35	Verbena litoralis	Lawai Valley; P.T.B.G		Preserved_Specimen	Herb w/pale blue flowers. Uncommon in valley.	Herbst, D.R.	2296	Kauai	BISH	1972-01-04
36	Verbena litoralis	Kalaoa, HI 96740, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	10/18/2007
37	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/16/2007
38	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Oahu	HAPI	3/21/2007
39	Verbena litoralis	Waimanalo; junction of Kalanianaole Hwy. & Hihimanu St., Albert H. Azevedo Field	Roadside.	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4826	Oahu	BISH	1983-04-04
40	Verbena litoralis	S half of island	Ponds	Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
41	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen	Flower lavender	Handy, E.S.	3320	Maui	BISH	1933-06-10
42	Verbena litoralis	Weed of pineapple field near northern junction of Highways 37 and 377		Preserved_Specimen	Much branched herb to 3 ft. tall; stem and leaves dark green, flowers purple.	Herbst, D.R.	795	Maui	BISH	1967-12-18
43	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; 4WD access track to 1986 burn (from Ranch HQ)	Common roadside weed.	Preserved_Specimen		Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
44	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, floor of Haleakala Crater	1/2 mile East of Holua Cabin along trail	Preserved_Specimen		Henrickson, J.S.	3939	Maui	BISH	1969-07-20
45	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District, in the Nanawale Estates subdivision	The plant was growing in a fallow field at the w end of Hapu`u Road. The soil in the area is stoney being composed mostly of crushed `a`a. The area is exposed to direct sunlight and has no canopy. The dominant plants in the area area Pluchea odorata and Buddleja asiatica.	Preserved_Specimen		Yoshida, L.	79.053	Hawaii	BISH	1979-02-28
46	Verbena litoralis	Wahiawa		Preserved_Specimen	Erect herb, 1m; flower purple	Swarbrick, J.T.	0.62	Oahu	BISH	1976-01-07
47	Verbena litoralis	Kanehoa, Waianaeuka	near top of ridge	Preserved_Specimen		Hume, E.P.	123	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-22
48	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Hana District, Hana Ranch pastureland mauka of Hana Ranch Store	Open pastureland with Sporobolus africanus, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pectinacea, Mimosa pudica, Sida rhombifolia, Chamaesyce prostrata, Elephantopus spicatus.	Preserved_Specimen		Imada, C.	200292	Maui	BISH	2002-11-19
49	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen	Herb, woody base,1.25 m high	Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
50	Verbena litoralis	Koolau Mts.; Honolulu Forest Reserve, N of Honolulu. Manoa Cliffs Trail near Hawaiian Telephone Company facility		Preserved_Specimen	Herb 1 m tall; flws light violet.	Lammers, T.G.	5313	Oahu	BISH	1983-08-27
51	Verbena litoralis	Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy); near start of Hanalilolilo Trail		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	5398	Molokai	BISH	1984-07-17
52	Verbena litoralis	Haena		Preserved_Specimen				Kauai	BISH	1953-10-30
53	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Range west of Schofield Barracks, in Kaluaa Gulch & ridge above		Preserved_Specimen		Sohmer, S.H.	5995	Oahu	BISH	1969-08-27
54	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii County, HI, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
55	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa dry area		Preserved_Specimen		Long, C.R.	4309	Hawaii	BISH	1966-12-23
56	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	2036	Maui	BISH	1920-04-19
57	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4783	Maui	BISH	1983-01-14
58	Verbena litoralis	Oahu		Preserved_Specimen		Rémy, J.	406	Oahu	BISH	1851-01-01
59	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	141	Lanai	BISH	1913-10-10
60	Verbena litoralis	Area within 300 m west of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752400-2275900		Preserved_Specimen		Warren, S.	14	Kahoolawe	BISH	1987-04-09
61	Verbena litoralis	Lanai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	292	Lanai	BISH
62	Verbena litoralis	Slopes of Mauna Kea (Wailei)		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	465	Hawaii	BISH	1911-08-01
63	Verbena litoralis	Kaua Trail, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Woolford, H.A.	200	Oahu	BISH	1955-12-11
64	Verbena litoralis	Kealia trail		Preserved_Specimen		Bennett, T.	244	Oahu	BISH	1982-03-25
65	Verbena litoralis	Kualoa Pasture		Preserved_Specimen		Rock, J.F.C.	3007	Oahu	BISH	1942-01-01
66	Verbena litoralis	Kaholuamanoa, above Waimea		Preserved_Specimen		Heller, A.A.	2046	Kauai	BISH	1895-09-02
67	Verbena litoralis	Pauoa Valley		Preserved_Specimen		Garber, D.W.	339	Oahu	BISH	1920-03-21
68	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Aihualama		Preserved_Specimen		Russell, P.	253	Oahu	BISH	1932-07-08
69	Verbena litoralis	Crater of Haleakala		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	1083	Maui	BISH	1919-08-09
70	Verbena litoralis	Koele		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	188	Lanai	BISH	1918-06-01
71	Verbena litoralis	ridge north of Kuapa Pond	open, hillsides	Preserved_Specimen		Gillespie, J.W.	1076	Oahu	BISH	1927-07-08
72	Verbena litoralis	Tantalus Rd		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, A.		Oahu	BISH	1930-07-18
73	Verbena litoralis	Waikolu Valley, head of and E. rim		Preserved_Specimen		Kondo, Y.		Molokai	BISH	1962-06-18
74	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Pukui, M.K.		Oahu	BISH	1931-01-01
75	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
76	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
77	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., South end		Preserved_Specimen		Harley, K.		Oahu	BISH	1956-05-04
78	Verbena litoralis	Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea		Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
79	Verbena litoralis	Ko'olau Mountain; Pupukea, Paumaiu area, summit trail extending from Pupukea Road		Preserved_Specimen		Ziegler, M.F.		Oahu	BISH	1986-11-08
80	Verbena litoralis	Kealia Salt Marsh		Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.		Maui	BISH	1990-02-15
81	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
82	Verbena litoralis	Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Onouye, R.		Oahu	BISH	1934-02-04
83	Verbena litoralis	Valley above country club, Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.		Oahu	BISH	1908-07-08
84	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
85	Verbena litoralis	Waipio		Preserved_Specimen		Swanson, R.		Hawaii	BISH	1931-08-29
86	Verbena litoralis	Palolo Valley, middle ridge	forest	Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.	1666	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-26
87	Verbena litoralis	Palaau, west side of airport	pineapple field; dry, exposed, windy.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to sub-shrub with blue flowers	Herbst, D.R.	5092	Molokai	BISH	1974-11-11
88	Verbena litoralis	Mt. Kalena, Waianae	Lantana grove	Preserved_Specimen	herb 4 ft.	Grant, M.L.	7445	Oahu	BISH	1934-09-30
89	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
90	Verbena litoralis	Makanikahau Reservoir, Old	Dried mud	Preserved_Specimen		St.John, H.	23633	Niihau	BISH	1949-04-01
91	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
92	Verbena litoralis	Puu Huluhulu. Near the escarpment Transect (T16)	Remnant dryland community. Common subshrub among Pennisetum setaceum.	Preserved_Specimen	Common subshrub.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5714	Hawaii	BISH	1989-12-26
93	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Neal, M.C.		Maui	BISH	1933-08-01
94	Verbena litoralis	unknown		Preserved_Specimen		Mann, H.	437		BISH	1864-01-01
95	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea, Kaloko Reservoir		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	572	Kauai	BISH	1916-10-11
96	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	365	Lanai	BISH	1928-08-01
97	Verbena litoralis	Koloa, Kalaheo, upper end of Puuwai Rd.	wet roadside secondary forest; Wedelia	Preserved_Specimen	to 0.5 m herb, slender; square stem, small purple flowers	Trauernicht, C.	205	Kauai	BISH	2007-10-15
98	Verbena litoralis	Nawaimaka drainage.	Acacia-Metrosideros mesic forest, open to closed canopy, riparian with moderate to steep banks. W/Kadua affinis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia stellata, Chamaesyce atrocicca, Carex alligata, Cyrtandra kauai	Preserved_Specimen	1.5 m. tall, stems green, corolla pale pruple.	Wood, K.R.	13816	Kauai	BISH	2009-07-16
99	Verbena litoralis	Kau District: Keauhou Ranch	Along fenceline of horse corrall in lower pastures of ranch.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
100	Verbena litoralis	stream bank below Dillingham Field wetland	grasses	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	1105	Oahu	BISH	1990-05-08
101	Verbena litoralis	Kaluanui Flats	Pineapple fields	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to 1 m; stem quadrangular. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, margins serrate. Flowering terminal small with blue corollas.	Spence, G.	369	Lanai	BISH	1973-10-24
102	Verbena litoralis	Keanakolu, Hilo Forest Reserve	Vegetation: Dryopteris, Pennisetum clandestinum, Acacia koa, Coprosma, Passiflora mollissima and Rubus.	Preserved_Specimen		Higashino, P.K.	6965	Hawaii	BISH	1978-03-01
103	Verbena litoralis	Mauna Kea (Puu Laau Road)	In open Mamane-Naio forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Engilis Jr., A.	39	Hawaii	BISH	1987-08-19
104	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Along Kipuka Puaulu trail, to the right of no. 17 signpost	in open sunny area.	Preserved_Specimen		Herat, T.	559	Hawaii	BISH	1974-06-12
105	Verbena litoralis	North Kona District; Burn area, ca 1.5 km E of Western end of Kona Highway, ca 300 m SW of Keamuku Flow, ca 300 m SSE of Boundary	Pennisetum grassland, gentle slopes, A'a lava; associates Pennisetum setaceum, Dodonaea viscosa	Preserved_Specimen		Close, B.	109426	Hawaii	BISH	1994-10-29
106	Verbena litoralis	Peacock Flat, Waianae Mts	roadside, dry forest	Preserved_Specimen	herb to 1 m. Stems are quadrangular. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; margins serrate; tops glandular, hirsute below. Flowering heads terminal, small. Flowers blue.	Spence, G.	209	Oahu	BISH	1973-09-06
107	Verbena litoralis	Puu Laau	Weed growing near the hunter's cabin.	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5210	Hawaii	BISH	1975-01-18
108	Verbena litoralis	Kahaluu; Kailua; Kapua	Koa forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
109	Verbena litoralis	Laie	clay, pasture	Preserved_Specimen	herb 1-6', tall slender stems	Guinto, J.	27	Oahu	BISH	1986-03-06
110	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; track to 1986 burn area (from Ranch HQ)	4WD access track to burn area.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
111	Verbena litoralis	Kawa side of Kahana Valley, pass the main gate and the marshy area	along jeep trail, open areas	Preserved_Specimen	common weed, ~4', with light blue flowers	Herat, T.	158	Oahu	BISH	1972-08-14
112	Verbena litoralis	Kahuku, Ocean View Estates,	open dry forest on a'a lava at junction of King Kamehameha Blvd. and Walaka Drive.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed with blue flowers.	Herbst, D.R.	5068	Hawaii	BISH	1974-10-09
113	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea	weed in abandoned sorghum field	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5244	Kauai	BISH	1975-02-27
114	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, 3830 Tantalus Dr., access road to Puu Ohia	roadside in wet forest; with Phyllostachys nigra, Bidens cynapiifolia, Panicum maximum.	Preserved_Specimen	to 4-20 dm tall; corolla blue	Ray, G.	50	Oahu	BISH	1997-09-15
115	Verbena litoralis	Kewalo, back of Punchbowl	open, dry, roadside	Preserved_Specimen	1 m tall; flower - small, inconspicous, lavender	Judd, C.S.	11	Oahu	BISH	1924-11-06
116	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District	Found growing on the side of the old railroad.	Preserved_Specimen		ESP Field Crew		Hawaii	BISH	1979-08-15
117	Verbena litoralis	1750' Field 123, Honokaa GSugar Co. Hamakua District	Common weed at field edge, and on jeep roads through field, not present inside mature stand.	Preserved_Specimen	Perennial root, plants 30- 48 tall, corolla pale blue	Tomich, P.Q.	911	Hawaii	BISH	1960-03-18
118	Verbena litoralis	Lower half of Kaala Road	mesic forest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers lavender	Annable, C.R.	3727	Oahu	BISH	1997-10-15
119	Verbena litoralis	E central part of island, slope of Moaula	Herb about 3' tall growing in shade of Prosopis pallida tree on rock outcropping.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple.	Cuddihy, L.W.	428	Kahoolawe	BISH	1980-04-25
120	Verbena litoralis	Waikane-Schofield trail, Koolau Mts, Kahana	along trail	Preserved_Specimen	fls. lavendar	Fosberg, F.R.	10276	Oahu	BISH	1933-09-22
121	Verbena litoralis	Trail to Kaluiwaa (Sacred Falls), outside forest Reserve	At base of foot path trail.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-03-21
122	Verbena litoralis	Drive down Chain of Craters Road about 12.9 miles toward Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Road	Plant was across road (N) from turnoff to Naulu Picnic Area. (plot 5) Shrub about 3 feet tall, at roadside..	Preserved_Specimen		Newell, C.L.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1966-08-20
123	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa on Mauna Kea; above Pohakuloa Military Camp. Pohakuloa burn 1979	Pohakuloa burn 1979.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
124	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Kaupo Gap	Dry volcanic gravel by trail.	Preserved_Specimen	Flws lavender-blue.	St.John, H.	21182	Maui	BISH	1945-08-27
125	Verbena litoralis	Kipapa Gulch, Wahiawa	moderately moist pineapple field	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	422	Oahu	BISH	1931-06-18
126	Verbena litoralis	Waimea Audubon Center, Waimea Valley, Oahu, Hawaii	Growing at the water fall just at edge of pond and edge of stream, dry to moist conditions.	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub, spindly, flowers purple, on spikes.	Crago, L.M.	2005207	Oahu	BISH	2005-10-18
127	Verbena litoralis	Waiapaa Gulch, flat area near the road above	Growing near Grevillea robusta, Psidium guajava, Molasses grass and other introduced and native plants.	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	920004	Lanai	BISH	1992-01-26
128	Verbena litoralis	North Kohala District, Kalala ahupua'a, Lahikiola cinder cone	In Kikuyu grassland	Preserved_Specimen		Bunch, P.M.	112	Hawaii	BISH	1989-03-13
129	Verbena litoralis	Kaalualu Bay near South Point	Only one individual found in waste area.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb up to one m in height with small purplish flowers.	Whistler, W.A.	42	Hawaii	BISH	1972-04-06
130	Verbena litoralis	South Kohala: Waimea, Lalamilo	Range paddock; occasional.	Preserved_Specimen	Branching plant 1-3 ft.	Hosaka, E.Y.	2122	Hawaii	BISH	1938-06-01
131	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Upper Kaupo Gap	in tall Dodonaea scrubland with Eupatorium. Nearly level with rocky rubble on ground.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple	Higashino, P.K.	885	Maui	BISH	1975-06-22
132	Verbena litoralis	Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road	about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20 deg. north of road. Plot 19	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub about 4 ft. tall	Newell, C.L.	966	Hawaii	BISH	1967-06-23
133	Verbena litoralis	near Koko Head, Kaluanui Ridge,Koolau Range	guava zone; at summit	Preserved_Specimen		Egler, F.E.	3783	Oahu	BISH	1937-07-01
134	Verbena litoralis	Kaimuki, Honolulu	roadside	Preserved_Specimen		Fosberg, F.R.	8856	Oahu	BISH	1932-09-24
135	Verbena litoralis	0.5 mi NW of Puu Keekee, just SE of Parker Ranch fenceline;	on rockpile, vegetation Myoporum-Chamaesyce dominant,	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4688	Hawaii	BISH	1982-11-17
136	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Hawaii, United States		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
137	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream	Approximately 1/2 mile from ocean.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-05-18
138	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley	on trail	Preserved_Specimen		Hasegawa, M.		Oahu	BISH	1932-04-03
139	Verbena litoralis	Lawai Valley; P.T.B.G		Preserved_Specimen	Herb w/pale blue flowers. Uncommon in valley.	Herbst, D.R.	2296	Kauai	BISH	1972-01-04
140	Verbena litoralis	Kalaoa, HI 96740, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	10/18/2007
141	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/16/2007
142	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Oahu	HAPI	3/21/2007
143	Verbena litoralis	Waimanalo; junction of Kalanianaole Hwy. & Hihimanu St., Albert H. Azevedo Field	Roadside.	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4826	Oahu	BISH	1983-04-04
144	Verbena litoralis	S half of island	Ponds	Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
145	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen	Flower lavender	Handy, E.S.	3320	Maui	BISH	1933-06-10
146	Verbena litoralis	Weed of pineapple field near northern junction of Highways 37 and 377		Preserved_Specimen	Much branched herb to 3 ft. tall; stem and leaves dark green, flowers purple.	Herbst, D.R.	795	Maui	BISH	1967-12-18
147	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; 4WD access track to 1986 burn (from Ranch HQ)	Common roadside weed.	Preserved_Specimen		Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
148	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, floor of Haleakala Crater	1/2 mile East of Holua Cabin along trail	Preserved_Specimen		Henrickson, J.S.	3939	Maui	BISH	1969-07-20
149	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District, in the Nanawale Estates subdivision	The plant was growing in a fallow field at the w end of Hapu`u Road. The soil in the area is stoney being composed mostly of crushed `a`a. The area is exposed to direct sunlight and has no canopy. The dominant plants in the area area Pluchea odorata and Buddleja asiatica.	Preserved_Specimen		Yoshida, L.	79.053	Hawaii	BISH	1979-02-28
150	Verbena litoralis	Wahiawa		Preserved_Specimen	Erect herb, 1m; flower purple	Swarbrick, J.T.	0.62	Oahu	BISH	1976-01-07
151	Verbena litoralis	Kanehoa, Waianaeuka	near top of ridge	Preserved_Specimen		Hume, E.P.	123	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-22
152	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Hana District, Hana Ranch pastureland mauka of Hana Ranch Store	Open pastureland with Sporobolus africanus, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pectinacea, Mimosa pudica, Sida rhombifolia, Chamaesyce prostrata, Elephantopus spicatus.	Preserved_Specimen		Imada, C.	200292	Maui	BISH	2002-11-19
153	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen	Herb, woody base,1.25 m high	Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
154	Verbena litoralis	Koolau Mts.; Honolulu Forest Reserve, N of Honolulu. Manoa Cliffs Trail near Hawaiian Telephone Company facility		Preserved_Specimen	Herb 1 m tall; flws light violet.	Lammers, T.G.	5313	Oahu	BISH	1983-08-27
155	Verbena litoralis	Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy); near start of Hanalilolilo Trail		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	5398	Molokai	BISH	1984-07-17
156	Verbena litoralis	Haena		Preserved_Specimen				Kauai	BISH	1953-10-30
157	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Range west of Schofield Barracks, in Kaluaa Gulch & ridge above		Preserved_Specimen		Sohmer, S.H.	5995	Oahu	BISH	1969-08-27
158	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii County, HI, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
159	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa dry area		Preserved_Specimen		Long, C.R.	4309	Hawaii	BISH	1966-12-23
160	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	2036	Maui	BISH	1920-04-19
161	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4783	Maui	BISH	1983-01-14
162	Verbena litoralis	Oahu		Preserved_Specimen		Rémy, J.	406	Oahu	BISH	1851-01-01
163	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	141	Lanai	BISH	1913-10-10
164	Verbena litoralis	Area within 300 m west of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752400-2275900		Preserved_Specimen		Warren, S.	14	Kahoolawe	BISH	1987-04-09
165	Verbena litoralis	Lanai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	292	Lanai	BISH
166	Verbena litoralis	Slopes of Mauna Kea (Wailei)		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	465	Hawaii	BISH	1911-08-01
167	Verbena litoralis	Kaua Trail, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Woolford, H.A.	200	Oahu	BISH	1955-12-11
168	Verbena litoralis	Kealia trail		Preserved_Specimen		Bennett, T.	244	Oahu	BISH	1982-03-25
169	Verbena litoralis	Kualoa Pasture		Preserved_Specimen		Rock, J.F.C.	3007	Oahu	BISH	1942-01-01
170	Verbena litoralis	Kaholuamanoa, above Waimea		Preserved_Specimen		Heller, A.A.	2046	Kauai	BISH	1895-09-02
171	Verbena litoralis	Pauoa Valley		Preserved_Specimen		Garber, D.W.	339	Oahu	BISH	1920-03-21
172	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Aihualama		Preserved_Specimen		Russell, P.	253	Oahu	BISH	1932-07-08
173	Verbena litoralis	Crater of Haleakala		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	1083	Maui	BISH	1919-08-09
174	Verbena litoralis	Koele		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	188	Lanai	BISH	1918-06-01
175	Verbena litoralis	ridge north of Kuapa Pond	open, hillsides	Preserved_Specimen		Gillespie, J.W.	1076	Oahu	BISH	1927-07-08
176	Verbena litoralis	Tantalus Rd		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, A.		Oahu	BISH	1930-07-18
177	Verbena litoralis	Waikolu Valley, head of and E. rim		Preserved_Specimen		Kondo, Y.		Molokai	BISH	1962-06-18
178	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Pukui, M.K.		Oahu	BISH	1931-01-01
179	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
180	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
181	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., South end		Preserved_Specimen		Harley, K.		Oahu	BISH	1956-05-04
182	Verbena litoralis	Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea		Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
183	Verbena litoralis	Ko'olau Mountain; Pupukea, Paumaiu area, summit trail extending from Pupukea Road		Preserved_Specimen		Ziegler, M.F.		Oahu	BISH	1986-11-08
184	Verbena litoralis	Kealia Salt Marsh		Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.		Maui	BISH	1990-02-15
185	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
186	Verbena litoralis	Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Onouye, R.		Oahu	BISH	1934-02-04
187	Verbena litoralis	Valley above country club, Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.		Oahu	BISH	1908-07-08
188	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
189	Verbena litoralis	Waipio		Preserved_Specimen		Swanson, R.		Hawaii	BISH	1931-08-29
190	Verbena litoralis	Palolo Valley, middle ridge	forest	Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.	1666	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-26
191	Verbena litoralis	Palaau, west side of airport	pineapple field; dry, exposed, windy.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to sub-shrub with blue flowers	Herbst, D.R.	5092	Molokai	BISH	1974-11-11
192	Verbena litoralis	Mt. Kalena, Waianae	Lantana grove	Preserved_Specimen	herb 4 ft.	Grant, M.L.	7445	Oahu	BISH	1934-09-30
193	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
194	Verbena litoralis	Makanikahau Reservoir, Old	Dried mud	Preserved_Specimen		St.John, H.	23633	Niihau	BISH	1949-04-01
195	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
196	Verbena litoralis	Puu Huluhulu. Near the escarpment Transect (T16)	Remnant dryland community. Common subshrub among Pennisetum setaceum.	Preserved_Specimen	Common subshrub.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5714	Hawaii	BISH	1989-12-26
197	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Neal, M.C.		Maui	BISH	1933-08-01
198	Verbena litoralis	unknown		Preserved_Specimen		Mann, H.	437		BISH	1864-01-01
199	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea, Kaloko Reservoir		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	572	Kauai	BISH	1916-10-11
200	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	365	Lanai	BISH	1928-08-01
201	Verbena litoralis	Koloa, Kalaheo, upper end of Puuwai Rd.	wet roadside secondary forest; Wedelia	Preserved_Specimen	to 0.5 m herb, slender; square stem, small purple flowers	Trauernicht, C.	205	Kauai	BISH	2007-10-15
202	Verbena litoralis	Nawaimaka drainage.	Acacia-Metrosideros mesic forest, open to closed canopy, riparian with moderate to steep banks. W/Kadua affinis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia stellata, Chamaesyce atrocicca, Carex alligata, Cyrtandra kauai	Preserved_Specimen	1.5 m. tall, stems green, corolla pale pruple.	Wood, K.R.	13816	Kauai	BISH	2009-07-16
203	Verbena litoralis	Kau District: Keauhou Ranch	Along fenceline of horse corrall in lower pastures of ranch.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
204	Verbena litoralis	stream bank below Dillingham Field wetland	grasses	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	1105	Oahu	BISH	1990-05-08
205	Verbena litoralis	Kaluanui Flats	Pineapple fields	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to 1 m; stem quadrangular. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, margins serrate. Flowering terminal small with blue corollas.	Spence, G.	369	Lanai	BISH	1973-10-24
206	Verbena litoralis	Keanakolu, Hilo Forest Reserve	Vegetation: Dryopteris, Pennisetum clandestinum, Acacia koa, Coprosma, Passiflora mollissima and Rubus.	Preserved_Specimen		Higashino, P.K.	6965	Hawaii	BISH	1978-03-01
207	Verbena litoralis	Mauna Kea (Puu Laau Road)	In open Mamane-Naio forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Engilis Jr., A.	39	Hawaii	BISH	1987-08-19
208	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Along Kipuka Puaulu trail, to the right of no. 17 signpost	in open sunny area.	Preserved_Specimen		Herat, T.	559	Hawaii	BISH	1974-06-12
209	Verbena litoralis	North Kona District; Burn area, ca 1.5 km E of Western end of Kona Highway, ca 300 m SW of Keamuku Flow, ca 300 m SSE of Boundary	Pennisetum grassland, gentle slopes, A'a lava; associates Pennisetum setaceum, Dodonaea viscosa	Preserved_Specimen		Close, B.	109426	Hawaii	BISH	1994-10-29
210	Verbena litoralis	Peacock Flat, Waianae Mts	roadside, dry forest	Preserved_Specimen	herb to 1 m. Stems are quadrangular. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; margins serrate; tops glandular, hirsute below. Flowering heads terminal, small. Flowers blue.	Spence, G.	209	Oahu	BISH	1973-09-06
211	Verbena litoralis	Puu Laau	Weed growing near the hunter's cabin.	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5210	Hawaii	BISH	1975-01-18
212	Verbena litoralis	Kahaluu; Kailua; Kapua	Koa forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
213	Verbena litoralis	Laie	clay, pasture	Preserved_Specimen	herb 1-6', tall slender stems	Guinto, J.	27	Oahu	BISH	1986-03-06
214	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; track to 1986 burn area (from Ranch HQ)	4WD access track to burn area.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
215	Verbena litoralis	Kawa side of Kahana Valley, pass the main gate and the marshy area	along jeep trail, open areas	Preserved_Specimen	common weed, ~4', with light blue flowers	Herat, T.	158	Oahu	BISH	1972-08-14
216	Verbena litoralis	Kahuku, Ocean View Estates,	open dry forest on a'a lava at junction of King Kamehameha Blvd. and Walaka Drive.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed with blue flowers.	Herbst, D.R.	5068	Hawaii	BISH	1974-10-09
217	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea	weed in abandoned sorghum field	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5244	Kauai	BISH	1975-02-27
218	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, 3830 Tantalus Dr., access road to Puu Ohia	roadside in wet forest; with Phyllostachys nigra, Bidens cynapiifolia, Panicum maximum.	Preserved_Specimen	to 4-20 dm tall; corolla blue	Ray, G.	50	Oahu	BISH	1997-09-15
219	Verbena litoralis	Kewalo, back of Punchbowl	open, dry, roadside	Preserved_Specimen	1 m tall; flower - small, inconspicous, lavender	Judd, C.S.	11	Oahu	BISH	1924-11-06
220	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District	Found growing on the side of the old railroad.	Preserved_Specimen		ESP Field Crew		Hawaii	BISH	1979-08-15
221	Verbena litoralis	1750' Field 123, Honokaa GSugar Co. Hamakua District	Common weed at field edge, and on jeep roads through field, not present inside mature stand.	Preserved_Specimen	Perennial root, plants 30- 48 tall, corolla pale blue	Tomich, P.Q.	911	Hawaii	BISH	1960-03-18
222	Verbena litoralis	Lower half of Kaala Road	mesic forest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers lavender	Annable, C.R.	3727	Oahu	BISH	1997-10-15
223	Verbena litoralis	E central part of island, slope of Moaula	Herb about 3' tall growing in shade of Prosopis pallida tree on rock outcropping.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple.	Cuddihy, L.W.	428	Kahoolawe	BISH	1980-04-25
224	Verbena litoralis	Waikane-Schofield trail, Koolau Mts, Kahana	along trail	Preserved_Specimen	fls. lavendar	Fosberg, F.R.	10276	Oahu	BISH	1933-09-22
225	Verbena litoralis	Trail to Kaluiwaa (Sacred Falls), outside forest Reserve	At base of foot path trail.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-03-21
226	Verbena litoralis	Drive down Chain of Craters Road about 12.9 miles toward Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Road	Plant was across road (N) from turnoff to Naulu Picnic Area. (plot 5) Shrub about 3 feet tall, at roadside..	Preserved_Specimen		Newell, C.L.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1966-08-20
227	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa on Mauna Kea; above Pohakuloa Military Camp. Pohakuloa burn 1979	Pohakuloa burn 1979.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
228	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Kaupo Gap	Dry volcanic gravel by trail.	Preserved_Specimen	Flws lavender-blue.	St.John, H.	21182	Maui	BISH	1945-08-27
229	Verbena litoralis	Kipapa Gulch, Wahiawa	moderately moist pineapple field	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	422	Oahu	BISH	1931-06-18
230	Verbena litoralis	Waimea Audubon Center, Waimea Valley, Oahu, Hawaii	Growing at the water fall just at edge of pond and edge of stream, dry to moist conditions.	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub, spindly, flowers purple, on spikes.	Crago, L.M.	2005207	Oahu	BISH	2005-10-18
231	Verbena litoralis	Waiapaa Gulch, flat area near the road above	Growing near Grevillea robusta, Psidium guajava, Molasses grass and other introduced and native plants.	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	920004	Lanai	BISH	1992-01-26
232	Verbena litoralis	North Kohala District, Kalala ahupua'a, Lahikiola cinder cone	In Kikuyu grassland	Preserved_Specimen		Bunch, P.M.	112	Hawaii	BISH	1989-03-13
233	Verbena litoralis	Kaalualu Bay near South Point	Only one individual found in waste area.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb up to one m in height with small purplish flowers.	Whistler, W.A.	42	Hawaii	BISH	1972-04-06
234	Verbena litoralis	South Kohala: Waimea, Lalamilo	Range paddock; occasional.	Preserved_Specimen	Branching plant 1-3 ft.	Hosaka, E.Y.	2122	Hawaii	BISH	1938-06-01
235	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Upper Kaupo Gap	in tall Dodonaea scrubland with Eupatorium. Nearly level with rocky rubble on ground.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple	Higashino, P.K.	885	Maui	BISH	1975-06-22
236	Verbena litoralis	Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road	about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20 deg. north of road. Plot 19	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub about 4 ft. tall	Newell, C.L.	966	Hawaii	BISH	1967-06-23
237	Verbena litoralis	near Koko Head, Kaluanui Ridge,Koolau Range	guava zone; at summit	Preserved_Specimen		Egler, F.E.	3783	Oahu	BISH	1937-07-01
238	Verbena litoralis	Kaimuki, Honolulu	roadside	Preserved_Specimen		Fosberg, F.R.	8856	Oahu	BISH	1932-09-24
239	Verbena litoralis	0.5 mi NW of Puu Keekee, just SE of Parker Ranch fenceline;	on rockpile, vegetation Myoporum-Chamaesyce dominant,	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4688	Hawaii	BISH	1982-11-17
240	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Hawaii, United States		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
241	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream	Approximately 1/2 mile from ocean.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-05-18
242	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley	on trail	Preserved_Specimen		Hasegawa, M.		Oahu	BISH	1932-04-03
243	Verbena litoralis	Lawai Valley; P.T.B.G		Preserved_Specimen	Herb w/pale blue flowers. Uncommon in valley.	Herbst, D.R.	2296	Kauai	BISH	1972-01-04
244	Verbena litoralis	Kalaoa, HI 96740, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	10/18/2007
245	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/16/2007
246	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Oahu	HAPI	3/21/2007
247	Verbena litoralis	Waimanalo; junction of Kalanianaole Hwy. & Hihimanu St., Albert H. Azevedo Field	Roadside.	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4826	Oahu	BISH	1983-04-04
248	Verbena litoralis	S half of island	Ponds	Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
249	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen	Flower lavender	Handy, E.S.	3320	Maui	BISH	1933-06-10
250	Verbena litoralis	Weed of pineapple field near northern junction of Highways 37 and 377		Preserved_Specimen	Much branched herb to 3 ft. tall; stem and leaves dark green, flowers purple.	Herbst, D.R.	795	Maui	BISH	1967-12-18
251	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; 4WD access track to 1986 burn (from Ranch HQ)	Common roadside weed.	Preserved_Specimen		Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
252	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, floor of Haleakala Crater	1/2 mile East of Holua Cabin along trail	Preserved_Specimen		Henrickson, J.S.	3939	Maui	BISH	1969-07-20
253	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District, in the Nanawale Estates subdivision	The plant was growing in a fallow field at the w end of Hapu`u Road. The soil in the area is stoney being composed mostly of crushed `a`a. The area is exposed to direct sunlight and has no canopy. The dominant plants in the area area Pluchea odorata and Buddleja asiatica.	Preserved_Specimen		Yoshida, L.	79.053	Hawaii	BISH	1979-02-28
254	Verbena litoralis	Wahiawa		Preserved_Specimen	Erect herb, 1m; flower purple	Swarbrick, J.T.	0.62	Oahu	BISH	1976-01-07
255	Verbena litoralis	Kanehoa, Waianaeuka	near top of ridge	Preserved_Specimen		Hume, E.P.	123	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-22
256	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Hana District, Hana Ranch pastureland mauka of Hana Ranch Store	Open pastureland with Sporobolus africanus, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pectinacea, Mimosa pudica, Sida rhombifolia, Chamaesyce prostrata, Elephantopus spicatus.	Preserved_Specimen		Imada, C.	200292	Maui	BISH	2002-11-19
257	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen	Herb, woody base,1.25 m high	Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
258	Verbena litoralis	Koolau Mts.; Honolulu Forest Reserve, N of Honolulu. Manoa Cliffs Trail near Hawaiian Telephone Company facility		Preserved_Specimen	Herb 1 m tall; flws light violet.	Lammers, T.G.	5313	Oahu	BISH	1983-08-27
259	Verbena litoralis	Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy); near start of Hanalilolilo Trail		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	5398	Molokai	BISH	1984-07-17
260	Verbena litoralis	Haena		Preserved_Specimen				Kauai	BISH	1953-10-30
261	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Range west of Schofield Barracks, in Kaluaa Gulch & ridge above		Preserved_Specimen		Sohmer, S.H.	5995	Oahu	BISH	1969-08-27
262	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii County, HI, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
263	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa dry area		Preserved_Specimen		Long, C.R.	4309	Hawaii	BISH	1966-12-23
264	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	2036	Maui	BISH	1920-04-19
265	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4783	Maui	BISH	1983-01-14
266	Verbena litoralis	Oahu		Preserved_Specimen		Rémy, J.	406	Oahu	BISH	1851-01-01
267	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	141	Lanai	BISH	1913-10-10
268	Verbena litoralis	Area within 300 m west of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752400-2275900		Preserved_Specimen		Warren, S.	14	Kahoolawe	BISH	1987-04-09
269	Verbena litoralis	Lanai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	292	Lanai	BISH
270	Verbena litoralis	Slopes of Mauna Kea (Wailei)		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	465	Hawaii	BISH	1911-08-01
271	Verbena litoralis	Kaua Trail, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Woolford, H.A.	200	Oahu	BISH	1955-12-11
272	Verbena litoralis	Kealia trail		Preserved_Specimen		Bennett, T.	244	Oahu	BISH	1982-03-25
273	Verbena litoralis	Kualoa Pasture		Preserved_Specimen		Rock, J.F.C.	3007	Oahu	BISH	1942-01-01
274	Verbena litoralis	Kaholuamanoa, above Waimea		Preserved_Specimen		Heller, A.A.	2046	Kauai	BISH	1895-09-02
275	Verbena litoralis	Pauoa Valley		Preserved_Specimen		Garber, D.W.	339	Oahu	BISH	1920-03-21
276	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Aihualama		Preserved_Specimen		Russell, P.	253	Oahu	BISH	1932-07-08
277	Verbena litoralis	Crater of Haleakala		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	1083	Maui	BISH	1919-08-09
278	Verbena litoralis	Koele		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	188	Lanai	BISH	1918-06-01
279	Verbena litoralis	ridge north of Kuapa Pond	open, hillsides	Preserved_Specimen		Gillespie, J.W.	1076	Oahu	BISH	1927-07-08
280	Verbena litoralis	Tantalus Rd		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, A.		Oahu	BISH	1930-07-18
281	Verbena litoralis	Waikolu Valley, head of and E. rim		Preserved_Specimen		Kondo, Y.		Molokai	BISH	1962-06-18
282	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Pukui, M.K.		Oahu	BISH	1931-01-01
283	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
284	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
285	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., South end		Preserved_Specimen		Harley, K.		Oahu	BISH	1956-05-04
286	Verbena litoralis	Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea		Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
287	Verbena litoralis	Ko'olau Mountain; Pupukea, Paumaiu area, summit trail extending from Pupukea Road		Preserved_Specimen		Ziegler, M.F.		Oahu	BISH	1986-11-08
288	Verbena litoralis	Kealia Salt Marsh		Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.		Maui	BISH	1990-02-15
289	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
290	Verbena litoralis	Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Onouye, R.		Oahu	BISH	1934-02-04
291	Verbena litoralis	Valley above country club, Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.		Oahu	BISH	1908-07-08
292	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
293	Verbena litoralis	Waipio		Preserved_Specimen		Swanson, R.		Hawaii	BISH	1931-08-29
294	Verbena litoralis	Palolo Valley, middle ridge	forest	Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.	1666	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-26
295	Verbena litoralis	Palaau, west side of airport	pineapple field; dry, exposed, windy.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to sub-shrub with blue flowers	Herbst, D.R.	5092	Molokai	BISH	1974-11-11
296	Verbena litoralis	Mt. Kalena, Waianae	Lantana grove	Preserved_Specimen	herb 4 ft.	Grant, M.L.	7445	Oahu	BISH	1934-09-30
297	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
298	Verbena litoralis	Makanikahau Reservoir, Old	Dried mud	Preserved_Specimen		St.John, H.	23633	Niihau	BISH	1949-04-01
299	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
300	Verbena litoralis	Puu Huluhulu. Near the escarpment Transect (T16)	Remnant dryland community. Common subshrub among Pennisetum setaceum.	Preserved_Specimen	Common subshrub.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5714	Hawaii	BISH	1989-12-26
301	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Neal, M.C.		Maui	BISH	1933-08-01
302	Verbena litoralis	unknown		Preserved_Specimen		Mann, H.	437		BISH	1864-01-01
303	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea, Kaloko Reservoir		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	572	Kauai	BISH	1916-10-11
304	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	365	Lanai	BISH	1928-08-01
305	Verbena litoralis	Koloa, Kalaheo, upper end of Puuwai Rd.	wet roadside secondary forest; Wedelia	Preserved_Specimen	to 0.5 m herb, slender; square stem, small purple flowers	Trauernicht, C.	205	Kauai	BISH	2007-10-15
306	Verbena litoralis	Nawaimaka drainage.	Acacia-Metrosideros mesic forest, open to closed canopy, riparian with moderate to steep banks. W/Kadua affinis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia stellata, Chamaesyce atrocicca, Carex alligata, Cyrtandra kauai	Preserved_Specimen	1.5 m. tall, stems green, corolla pale pruple.	Wood, K.R.	13816	Kauai	BISH	2009-07-16
307	Verbena litoralis	Kau District: Keauhou Ranch	Along fenceline of horse corrall in lower pastures of ranch.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
308	Verbena litoralis	stream bank below Dillingham Field wetland	grasses	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	1105	Oahu	BISH	1990-05-08
309	Verbena litoralis	Kaluanui Flats	Pineapple fields	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to 1 m; stem quadrangular. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, margins serrate. Flowering terminal small with blue corollas.	Spence, G.	369	Lanai	BISH	1973-10-24
310	Verbena litoralis	Keanakolu, Hilo Forest Reserve	Vegetation: Dryopteris, Pennisetum clandestinum, Acacia koa, Coprosma, Passiflora mollissima and Rubus.	Preserved_Specimen		Higashino, P.K.	6965	Hawaii	BISH	1978-03-01
311	Verbena litoralis	Mauna Kea (Puu Laau Road)	In open Mamane-Naio forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Engilis Jr., A.	39	Hawaii	BISH	1987-08-19
312	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Along Kipuka Puaulu trail, to the right of no. 17 signpost	in open sunny area.	Preserved_Specimen		Herat, T.	559	Hawaii	BISH	1974-06-12
313	Verbena litoralis	North Kona District; Burn area, ca 1.5 km E of Western end of Kona Highway, ca 300 m SW of Keamuku Flow, ca 300 m SSE of Boundary	Pennisetum grassland, gentle slopes, A'a lava; associates Pennisetum setaceum, Dodonaea viscosa	Preserved_Specimen		Close, B.	109426	Hawaii	BISH	1994-10-29
314	Verbena litoralis	Peacock Flat, Waianae Mts	roadside, dry forest	Preserved_Specimen	herb to 1 m. Stems are quadrangular. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; margins serrate; tops glandular, hirsute below. Flowering heads terminal, small. Flowers blue.	Spence, G.	209	Oahu	BISH	1973-09-06
315	Verbena litoralis	Puu Laau	Weed growing near the hunter's cabin.	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5210	Hawaii	BISH	1975-01-18
316	Verbena litoralis	Kahaluu; Kailua; Kapua	Koa forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
317	Verbena litoralis	Laie	clay, pasture	Preserved_Specimen	herb 1-6', tall slender stems	Guinto, J.	27	Oahu	BISH	1986-03-06
318	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; track to 1986 burn area (from Ranch HQ)	4WD access track to burn area.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
319	Verbena litoralis	Kawa side of Kahana Valley, pass the main gate and the marshy area	along jeep trail, open areas	Preserved_Specimen	common weed, ~4', with light blue flowers	Herat, T.	158	Oahu	BISH	1972-08-14
320	Verbena litoralis	Kahuku, Ocean View Estates,	open dry forest on a'a lava at junction of King Kamehameha Blvd. and Walaka Drive.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed with blue flowers.	Herbst, D.R.	5068	Hawaii	BISH	1974-10-09
321	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea	weed in abandoned sorghum field	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5244	Kauai	BISH	1975-02-27
322	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, 3830 Tantalus Dr., access road to Puu Ohia	roadside in wet forest; with Phyllostachys nigra, Bidens cynapiifolia, Panicum maximum.	Preserved_Specimen	to 4-20 dm tall; corolla blue	Ray, G.	50	Oahu	BISH	1997-09-15
323	Verbena litoralis	Kewalo, back of Punchbowl	open, dry, roadside	Preserved_Specimen	1 m tall; flower - small, inconspicous, lavender	Judd, C.S.	11	Oahu	BISH	1924-11-06
324	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District	Found growing on the side of the old railroad.	Preserved_Specimen		ESP Field Crew		Hawaii	BISH	1979-08-15
325	Verbena litoralis	1750' Field 123, Honokaa GSugar Co. Hamakua District	Common weed at field edge, and on jeep roads through field, not present inside mature stand.	Preserved_Specimen	Perennial root, plants 30- 48 tall, corolla pale blue	Tomich, P.Q.	911	Hawaii	BISH	1960-03-18
326	Verbena litoralis	Lower half of Kaala Road	mesic forest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers lavender	Annable, C.R.	3727	Oahu	BISH	1997-10-15
327	Verbena litoralis	E central part of island, slope of Moaula	Herb about 3' tall growing in shade of Prosopis pallida tree on rock outcropping.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple.	Cuddihy, L.W.	428	Kahoolawe	BISH	1980-04-25
328	Verbena litoralis	Waikane-Schofield trail, Koolau Mts, Kahana	along trail	Preserved_Specimen	fls. lavendar	Fosberg, F.R.	10276	Oahu	BISH	1933-09-22
329	Verbena litoralis	Trail to Kaluiwaa (Sacred Falls), outside forest Reserve	At base of foot path trail.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-03-21
330	Verbena litoralis	Drive down Chain of Craters Road about 12.9 miles toward Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Road	Plant was across road (N) from turnoff to Naulu Picnic Area. (plot 5) Shrub about 3 feet tall, at roadside..	Preserved_Specimen		Newell, C.L.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1966-08-20
331	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa on Mauna Kea; above Pohakuloa Military Camp. Pohakuloa burn 1979	Pohakuloa burn 1979.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
332	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Kaupo Gap	Dry volcanic gravel by trail.	Preserved_Specimen	Flws lavender-blue.	St.John, H.	21182	Maui	BISH	1945-08-27
333	Verbena litoralis	Kipapa Gulch, Wahiawa	moderately moist pineapple field	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	422	Oahu	BISH	1931-06-18
334	Verbena litoralis	Waimea Audubon Center, Waimea Valley, Oahu, Hawaii	Growing at the water fall just at edge of pond and edge of stream, dry to moist conditions.	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub, spindly, flowers purple, on spikes.	Crago, L.M.	2005207	Oahu	BISH	2005-10-18
335	Verbena litoralis	Waiapaa Gulch, flat area near the road above	Growing near Grevillea robusta, Psidium guajava, Molasses grass and other introduced and native plants.	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	920004	Lanai	BISH	1992-01-26
336	Verbena litoralis	North Kohala District, Kalala ahupua'a, Lahikiola cinder cone	In Kikuyu grassland	Preserved_Specimen		Bunch, P.M.	112	Hawaii	BISH	1989-03-13
337	Verbena litoralis	Kaalualu Bay near South Point	Only one individual found in waste area.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb up to one m in height with small purplish flowers.	Whistler, W.A.	42	Hawaii	BISH	1972-04-06
338	Verbena litoralis	South Kohala: Waimea, Lalamilo	Range paddock; occasional.	Preserved_Specimen	Branching plant 1-3 ft.	Hosaka, E.Y.	2122	Hawaii	BISH	1938-06-01
339	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Upper Kaupo Gap	in tall Dodonaea scrubland with Eupatorium. Nearly level with rocky rubble on ground.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple	Higashino, P.K.	885	Maui	BISH	1975-06-22
340	Verbena litoralis	Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road	about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20 deg. north of road. Plot 19	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub about 4 ft. tall	Newell, C.L.	966	Hawaii	BISH	1967-06-23
341	Verbena litoralis	near Koko Head, Kaluanui Ridge,Koolau Range	guava zone; at summit	Preserved_Specimen		Egler, F.E.	3783	Oahu	BISH	1937-07-01
342	Verbena litoralis	Kaimuki, Honolulu	roadside	Preserved_Specimen		Fosberg, F.R.	8856	Oahu	BISH	1932-09-24
343	Verbena litoralis	0.5 mi NW of Puu Keekee, just SE of Parker Ranch fenceline;	on rockpile, vegetation Myoporum-Chamaesyce dominant,	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4688	Hawaii	BISH	1982-11-17
344	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Hawaii, United States		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
345	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream	Approximately 1/2 mile from ocean.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-05-18
346	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley	on trail	Preserved_Specimen		Hasegawa, M.		Oahu	BISH	1932-04-03
347	Verbena litoralis	Lawai Valley; P.T.B.G		Preserved_Specimen	Herb w/pale blue flowers. Uncommon in valley.	Herbst, D.R.	2296	Kauai	BISH	1972-01-04
348	Verbena litoralis	Kalaoa, HI 96740, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	10/18/2007
349	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/16/2007
350	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Oahu	HAPI	3/21/2007
351	Verbena litoralis	Waimanalo; junction of Kalanianaole Hwy. & Hihimanu St., Albert H. Azevedo Field	Roadside.	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4826	Oahu	BISH	1983-04-04
352	Verbena litoralis	S half of island	Ponds	Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
353	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen	Flower lavender	Handy, E.S.	3320	Maui	BISH	1933-06-10
354	Verbena litoralis	Weed of pineapple field near northern junction of Highways 37 and 377		Preserved_Specimen	Much branched herb to 3 ft. tall; stem and leaves dark green, flowers purple.	Herbst, D.R.	795	Maui	BISH	1967-12-18
355	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; 4WD access track to 1986 burn (from Ranch HQ)	Common roadside weed.	Preserved_Specimen		Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
356	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, floor of Haleakala Crater	1/2 mile East of Holua Cabin along trail	Preserved_Specimen		Henrickson, J.S.	3939	Maui	BISH	1969-07-20
357	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District, in the Nanawale Estates subdivision	The plant was growing in a fallow field at the w end of Hapu`u Road. The soil in the area is stoney being composed mostly of crushed `a`a. The area is exposed to direct sunlight and has no canopy. The dominant plants in the area area Pluchea odorata and Buddleja asiatica.	Preserved_Specimen		Yoshida, L.	79.053	Hawaii	BISH	1979-02-28
358	Verbena litoralis	Wahiawa		Preserved_Specimen	Erect herb, 1m; flower purple	Swarbrick, J.T.	0.62	Oahu	BISH	1976-01-07
359	Verbena litoralis	Kanehoa, Waianaeuka	near top of ridge	Preserved_Specimen		Hume, E.P.	123	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-22
360	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Hana District, Hana Ranch pastureland mauka of Hana Ranch Store	Open pastureland with Sporobolus africanus, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pectinacea, Mimosa pudica, Sida rhombifolia, Chamaesyce prostrata, Elephantopus spicatus.	Preserved_Specimen		Imada, C.	200292	Maui	BISH	2002-11-19
361	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen	Herb, woody base,1.25 m high	Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
362	Verbena litoralis	Koolau Mts.; Honolulu Forest Reserve, N of Honolulu. Manoa Cliffs Trail near Hawaiian Telephone Company facility		Preserved_Specimen	Herb 1 m tall; flws light violet.	Lammers, T.G.	5313	Oahu	BISH	1983-08-27
363	Verbena litoralis	Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy); near start of Hanalilolilo Trail		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	5398	Molokai	BISH	1984-07-17
364	Verbena litoralis	Haena		Preserved_Specimen				Kauai	BISH	1953-10-30
365	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Range west of Schofield Barracks, in Kaluaa Gulch & ridge above		Preserved_Specimen		Sohmer, S.H.	5995	Oahu	BISH	1969-08-27
366	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii County, HI, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
367	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa dry area		Preserved_Specimen		Long, C.R.	4309	Hawaii	BISH	1966-12-23
368	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	2036	Maui	BISH	1920-04-19
369	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4783	Maui	BISH	1983-01-14
370	Verbena litoralis	Oahu		Preserved_Specimen		Rémy, J.	406	Oahu	BISH	1851-01-01
371	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	141	Lanai	BISH	1913-10-10
372	Verbena litoralis	Area within 300 m west of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752400-2275900		Preserved_Specimen		Warren, S.	14	Kahoolawe	BISH	1987-04-09
373	Verbena litoralis	Lanai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	292	Lanai	BISH
374	Verbena litoralis	Slopes of Mauna Kea (Wailei)		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	465	Hawaii	BISH	1911-08-01
375	Verbena litoralis	Kaua Trail, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Woolford, H.A.	200	Oahu	BISH	1955-12-11
376	Verbena litoralis	Kealia trail		Preserved_Specimen		Bennett, T.	244	Oahu	BISH	1982-03-25
377	Verbena litoralis	Kualoa Pasture		Preserved_Specimen		Rock, J.F.C.	3007	Oahu	BISH	1942-01-01
378	Verbena litoralis	Kaholuamanoa, above Waimea		Preserved_Specimen		Heller, A.A.	2046	Kauai	BISH	1895-09-02
379	Verbena litoralis	Pauoa Valley		Preserved_Specimen		Garber, D.W.	339	Oahu	BISH	1920-03-21
380	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Aihualama		Preserved_Specimen		Russell, P.	253	Oahu	BISH	1932-07-08
381	Verbena litoralis	Crater of Haleakala		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	1083	Maui	BISH	1919-08-09
382	Verbena litoralis	Koele		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	188	Lanai	BISH	1918-06-01
383	Verbena litoralis	ridge north of Kuapa Pond	open, hillsides	Preserved_Specimen		Gillespie, J.W.	1076	Oahu	BISH	1927-07-08
384	Verbena litoralis	Tantalus Rd		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, A.		Oahu	BISH	1930-07-18
385	Verbena litoralis	Waikolu Valley, head of and E. rim		Preserved_Specimen		Kondo, Y.		Molokai	BISH	1962-06-18
386	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Pukui, M.K.		Oahu	BISH	1931-01-01
387	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
388	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
389	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., South end		Preserved_Specimen		Harley, K.		Oahu	BISH	1956-05-04
390	Verbena litoralis	Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea		Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
391	Verbena litoralis	Ko'olau Mountain; Pupukea, Paumaiu area, summit trail extending from Pupukea Road		Preserved_Specimen		Ziegler, M.F.		Oahu	BISH	1986-11-08
392	Verbena litoralis	Kealia Salt Marsh		Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.		Maui	BISH	1990-02-15
393	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
394	Verbena litoralis	Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Onouye, R.		Oahu	BISH	1934-02-04
395	Verbena litoralis	Valley above country club, Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.		Oahu	BISH	1908-07-08
396	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
397	Verbena litoralis	Waipio		Preserved_Specimen		Swanson, R.		Hawaii	BISH	1931-08-29
398	Verbena litoralis	Palolo Valley, middle ridge	forest	Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.	1666	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-26
399	Verbena litoralis	Palaau, west side of airport	pineapple field; dry, exposed, windy.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to sub-shrub with blue flowers	Herbst, D.R.	5092	Molokai	BISH	1974-11-11
400	Verbena litoralis	Mt. Kalena, Waianae	Lantana grove	Preserved_Specimen	herb 4 ft.	Grant, M.L.	7445	Oahu	BISH	1934-09-30
401	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
402	Verbena litoralis	Makanikahau Reservoir, Old	Dried mud	Preserved_Specimen		St.John, H.	23633	Niihau	BISH	1949-04-01
403	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
404	Verbena litoralis	Puu Huluhulu. Near the escarpment Transect (T16)	Remnant dryland community. Common subshrub among Pennisetum setaceum.	Preserved_Specimen	Common subshrub.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5714	Hawaii	BISH	1989-12-26
405	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Neal, M.C.		Maui	BISH	1933-08-01
406	Verbena litoralis	unknown		Preserved_Specimen		Mann, H.	437		BISH	1864-01-01
407	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea, Kaloko Reservoir		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	572	Kauai	BISH	1916-10-11
408	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	365	Lanai	BISH	1928-08-01
409	Verbena litoralis	Koloa, Kalaheo, upper end of Puuwai Rd.	wet roadside secondary forest; Wedelia	Preserved_Specimen	to 0.5 m herb, slender; square stem, small purple flowers	Trauernicht, C.	205	Kauai	BISH	2007-10-15
410	Verbena litoralis	Nawaimaka drainage.	Acacia-Metrosideros mesic forest, open to closed canopy, riparian with moderate to steep banks. W/Kadua affinis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia stellata, Chamaesyce atrocicca, Carex alligata, Cyrtandra kauai	Preserved_Specimen	1.5 m. tall, stems green, corolla pale pruple.	Wood, K.R.	13816	Kauai	BISH	2009-07-16
411	Verbena litoralis	Kau District: Keauhou Ranch	Along fenceline of horse corrall in lower pastures of ranch.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
412	Verbena litoralis	stream bank below Dillingham Field wetland	grasses	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	1105	Oahu	BISH	1990-05-08
413	Verbena litoralis	Kaluanui Flats	Pineapple fields	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to 1 m; stem quadrangular. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, margins serrate. Flowering terminal small with blue corollas.	Spence, G.	369	Lanai	BISH	1973-10-24
414	Verbena litoralis	Keanakolu, Hilo Forest Reserve	Vegetation: Dryopteris, Pennisetum clandestinum, Acacia koa, Coprosma, Passiflora mollissima and Rubus.	Preserved_Specimen		Higashino, P.K.	6965	Hawaii	BISH	1978-03-01
415	Verbena litoralis	Mauna Kea (Puu Laau Road)	In open Mamane-Naio forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Engilis Jr., A.	39	Hawaii	BISH	1987-08-19
416	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Along Kipuka Puaulu trail, to the right of no. 17 signpost	in open sunny area.	Preserved_Specimen		Herat, T.	559	Hawaii	BISH	1974-06-12
417	Verbena litoralis	North Kona District; Burn area, ca 1.5 km E of Western end of Kona Highway, ca 300 m SW of Keamuku Flow, ca 300 m SSE of Boundary	Pennisetum grassland, gentle slopes, A'a lava; associates Pennisetum setaceum, Dodonaea viscosa	Preserved_Specimen		Close, B.	109426	Hawaii	BISH	1994-10-29
418	Verbena litoralis	Peacock Flat, Waianae Mts	roadside, dry forest	Preserved_Specimen	herb to 1 m. Stems are quadrangular. Leaves opposite; elliptic-oblong; margins serrate; tops glandular, hirsute below. Flowering heads terminal, small. Flowers blue.	Spence, G.	209	Oahu	BISH	1973-09-06
419	Verbena litoralis	Puu Laau	Weed growing near the hunter's cabin.	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5210	Hawaii	BISH	1975-01-18
420	Verbena litoralis	Kahaluu; Kailua; Kapua	Koa forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
421	Verbena litoralis	Laie	clay, pasture	Preserved_Specimen	herb 1-6', tall slender stems	Guinto, J.	27	Oahu	BISH	1986-03-06
422	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; track to 1986 burn area (from Ranch HQ)	4WD access track to burn area.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
423	Verbena litoralis	Kawa side of Kahana Valley, pass the main gate and the marshy area	along jeep trail, open areas	Preserved_Specimen	common weed, ~4', with light blue flowers	Herat, T.	158	Oahu	BISH	1972-08-14
424	Verbena litoralis	Kahuku, Ocean View Estates,	open dry forest on a'a lava at junction of King Kamehameha Blvd. and Walaka Drive.	Preserved_Specimen	Common roadside weed with blue flowers.	Herbst, D.R.	5068	Hawaii	BISH	1974-10-09
425	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea	weed in abandoned sorghum field	Preserved_Specimen		Herbst, D.R.	5244	Kauai	BISH	1975-02-27
426	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, 3830 Tantalus Dr., access road to Puu Ohia	roadside in wet forest; with Phyllostachys nigra, Bidens cynapiifolia, Panicum maximum.	Preserved_Specimen	to 4-20 dm tall; corolla blue	Ray, G.	50	Oahu	BISH	1997-09-15
427	Verbena litoralis	Kewalo, back of Punchbowl	open, dry, roadside	Preserved_Specimen	1 m tall; flower - small, inconspicous, lavender	Judd, C.S.	11	Oahu	BISH	1924-11-06
428	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa Forest Reserve in the Puna District	Found growing on the side of the old railroad.	Preserved_Specimen		ESP Field Crew		Hawaii	BISH	1979-08-15
429	Verbena litoralis	1750' Field 123, Honokaa GSugar Co. Hamakua District	Common weed at field edge, and on jeep roads through field, not present inside mature stand.	Preserved_Specimen	Perennial root, plants 30- 48 tall, corolla pale blue	Tomich, P.Q.	911	Hawaii	BISH	1960-03-18
430	Verbena litoralis	Lower half of Kaala Road	mesic forest	Preserved_Specimen	flowers lavender	Annable, C.R.	3727	Oahu	BISH	1997-10-15
431	Verbena litoralis	E central part of island, slope of Moaula	Herb about 3' tall growing in shade of Prosopis pallida tree on rock outcropping.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple.	Cuddihy, L.W.	428	Kahoolawe	BISH	1980-04-25
432	Verbena litoralis	Waikane-Schofield trail, Koolau Mts, Kahana	along trail	Preserved_Specimen	fls. lavendar	Fosberg, F.R.	10276	Oahu	BISH	1933-09-22
433	Verbena litoralis	Trail to Kaluiwaa (Sacred Falls), outside forest Reserve	At base of foot path trail.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-03-21
434	Verbena litoralis	Drive down Chain of Craters Road about 12.9 miles toward Kalapana from intersection with Crater Rim Road	Plant was across road (N) from turnoff to Naulu Picnic Area. (plot 5) Shrub about 3 feet tall, at roadside..	Preserved_Specimen		Newell, C.L.	471	Hawaii	BISH	1966-08-20
435	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa on Mauna Kea; above Pohakuloa Military Camp. Pohakuloa burn 1979	Pohakuloa burn 1979.	Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
436	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Haleakala Crater, Kaupo Gap	Dry volcanic gravel by trail.	Preserved_Specimen	Flws lavender-blue.	St.John, H.	21182	Maui	BISH	1945-08-27
437	Verbena litoralis	Kipapa Gulch, Wahiawa	moderately moist pineapple field	Preserved_Specimen		Hosaka, E.Y.	422	Oahu	BISH	1931-06-18
438	Verbena litoralis	Waimea Audubon Center, Waimea Valley, Oahu, Hawaii	Growing at the water fall just at edge of pond and edge of stream, dry to moist conditions.	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub, spindly, flowers purple, on spikes.	Crago, L.M.	2005207	Oahu	BISH	2005-10-18
439	Verbena litoralis	Waiapaa Gulch, flat area near the road above	Growing near Grevillea robusta, Psidium guajava, Molasses grass and other introduced and native plants.	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	920004	Lanai	BISH	1992-01-26
440	Verbena litoralis	North Kohala District, Kalala ahupua'a, Lahikiola cinder cone	In Kikuyu grassland	Preserved_Specimen		Bunch, P.M.	112	Hawaii	BISH	1989-03-13
441	Verbena litoralis	Kaalualu Bay near South Point	Only one individual found in waste area.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb up to one m in height with small purplish flowers.	Whistler, W.A.	42	Hawaii	BISH	1972-04-06
442	Verbena litoralis	South Kohala: Waimea, Lalamilo	Range paddock; occasional.	Preserved_Specimen	Branching plant 1-3 ft.	Hosaka, E.Y.	2122	Hawaii	BISH	1938-06-01
443	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Upper Kaupo Gap	in tall Dodonaea scrubland with Eupatorium. Nearly level with rocky rubble on ground.	Preserved_Specimen	Flowers purple	Higashino, P.K.	885	Maui	BISH	1975-06-22
444	Verbena litoralis	Located on the Mauna Loa Strip road	about 2.2 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Highway; or up Mauna Loa Strip Road about 200 meters from parking circle at Kipuka Puaulu. Plant was about 30 meters 20 deg. north of road. Plot 19	Preserved_Specimen	Shrub about 4 ft. tall	Newell, C.L.	966	Hawaii	BISH	1967-06-23
445	Verbena litoralis	near Koko Head, Kaluanui Ridge,Koolau Range	guava zone; at summit	Preserved_Specimen		Egler, F.E.	3783	Oahu	BISH	1937-07-01
446	Verbena litoralis	Kaimuki, Honolulu	roadside	Preserved_Specimen		Fosberg, F.R.	8856	Oahu	BISH	1932-09-24
447	Verbena litoralis	0.5 mi NW of Puu Keekee, just SE of Parker Ranch fenceline;	on rockpile, vegetation Myoporum-Chamaesyce dominant,	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4688	Hawaii	BISH	1982-11-17
448	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Hawaii, United States		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
449	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream	Approximately 1/2 mile from ocean.	Preserved_Specimen		Corn, C.		Oahu	BISH	1978-05-18
450	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley	on trail	Preserved_Specimen		Hasegawa, M.		Oahu	BISH	1932-04-03
451	Verbena litoralis	Lawai Valley; P.T.B.G		Preserved_Specimen	Herb w/pale blue flowers. Uncommon in valley.	Herbst, D.R.	2296	Kauai	BISH	1972-01-04
452	Verbena litoralis	Kalaoa, HI 96740, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	10/18/2007
453	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/16/2007
454	Verbena litoralis	Growing next to Kaluanui Stream		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Oahu	HAPI	3/21/2007
455	Verbena litoralis	Waimanalo; junction of Kalanianaole Hwy. & Hihimanu St., Albert H. Azevedo Field	Roadside.	Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4826	Oahu	BISH	1983-04-04
456	Verbena litoralis	S half of island	Ponds	Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
457	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen	Flower lavender	Handy, E.S.	3320	Maui	BISH	1933-06-10
458	Verbena litoralis	Weed of pineapple field near northern junction of Highways 37 and 377		Preserved_Specimen	Much branched herb to 3 ft. tall; stem and leaves dark green, flowers purple.	Herbst, D.R.	795	Maui	BISH	1967-12-18
459	Verbena litoralis	Puuwaawaa; 4WD access track to 1986 burn (from Ranch HQ)	Common roadside weed.	Preserved_Specimen		Takeuchi, W.N.	5752	Hawaii	BISH	1989-05-01
460	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, floor of Haleakala Crater	1/2 mile East of Holua Cabin along trail	Preserved_Specimen		Henrickson, J.S.	3939	Maui	BISH	1969-07-20
461	Verbena litoralis	ahupuaa of Halepuaa in the Puna District, in the Nanawale Estates subdivision	The plant was growing in a fallow field at the w end of Hapu`u Road. The soil in the area is stoney being composed mostly of crushed `a`a. The area is exposed to direct sunlight and has no canopy. The dominant plants in the area area Pluchea odorata and Buddleja asiatica.	Preserved_Specimen		Yoshida, L.	79.053	Hawaii	BISH	1979-02-28
462	Verbena litoralis	Wahiawa		Preserved_Specimen	Erect herb, 1m; flower purple	Swarbrick, J.T.	0.62	Oahu	BISH	1976-01-07
463	Verbena litoralis	Kanehoa, Waianaeuka	near top of ridge	Preserved_Specimen		Hume, E.P.	123	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-22
464	Verbena litoralis	East Maui, Hana District, Hana Ranch pastureland mauka of Hana Ranch Store	Open pastureland with Sporobolus africanus, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pectinacea, Mimosa pudica, Sida rhombifolia, Chamaesyce prostrata, Elephantopus spicatus.	Preserved_Specimen		Imada, C.	200292	Maui	BISH	2002-11-19
465	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen	Herb, woody base,1.25 m high	Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
466	Verbena litoralis	Koolau Mts.; Honolulu Forest Reserve, N of Honolulu. Manoa Cliffs Trail near Hawaiian Telephone Company facility		Preserved_Specimen	Herb 1 m tall; flws light violet.	Lammers, T.G.	5313	Oahu	BISH	1983-08-27
467	Verbena litoralis	Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy); near start of Hanalilolilo Trail		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	5398	Molokai	BISH	1984-07-17
468	Verbena litoralis	Haena		Preserved_Specimen				Kauai	BISH	1953-10-30
469	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Range west of Schofield Barracks, in Kaluaa Gulch & ridge above		Preserved_Specimen		Sohmer, S.H.	5995	Oahu	BISH	1969-08-27
470	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii County, HI, USA		OBSERVATION		Curtis Daehler		Hawaii	HAPI	3/25/2007
471	Verbena litoralis	Pohakuloa dry area		Preserved_Specimen		Long, C.R.	4309	Hawaii	BISH	1966-12-23
472	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	2036	Maui	BISH	1920-04-19
473	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Wagner, W.L.	4783	Maui	BISH	1983-01-14
474	Verbena litoralis	Oahu		Preserved_Specimen		Rémy, J.	406	Oahu	BISH	1851-01-01
475	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	141	Lanai	BISH	1913-10-10
476	Verbena litoralis	Area within 300 m west of LZ-1. UTM coordinates 752400-2275900		Preserved_Specimen		Warren, S.	14	Kahoolawe	BISH	1987-04-09
477	Verbena litoralis	Lanai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	292	Lanai	BISH
478	Verbena litoralis	Slopes of Mauna Kea (Wailei)		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	465	Hawaii	BISH	1911-08-01
479	Verbena litoralis	Kaua Trail, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Woolford, H.A.	200	Oahu	BISH	1955-12-11
480	Verbena litoralis	Kealia trail		Preserved_Specimen		Bennett, T.	244	Oahu	BISH	1982-03-25
481	Verbena litoralis	Kualoa Pasture		Preserved_Specimen		Rock, J.F.C.	3007	Oahu	BISH	1942-01-01
482	Verbena litoralis	Kaholuamanoa, above Waimea		Preserved_Specimen		Heller, A.A.	2046	Kauai	BISH	1895-09-02
483	Verbena litoralis	Pauoa Valley		Preserved_Specimen		Garber, D.W.	339	Oahu	BISH	1920-03-21
484	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu, Aihualama		Preserved_Specimen		Russell, P.	253	Oahu	BISH	1932-07-08
485	Verbena litoralis	Crater of Haleakala		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	1083	Maui	BISH	1919-08-09
486	Verbena litoralis	Koele		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	188	Lanai	BISH	1918-06-01
487	Verbena litoralis	ridge north of Kuapa Pond	open, hillsides	Preserved_Specimen		Gillespie, J.W.	1076	Oahu	BISH	1927-07-08
488	Verbena litoralis	Tantalus Rd		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, A.		Oahu	BISH	1930-07-18
489	Verbena litoralis	Waikolu Valley, head of and E. rim		Preserved_Specimen		Kondo, Y.		Molokai	BISH	1962-06-18
490	Verbena litoralis	Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Pukui, M.K.		Oahu	BISH	1931-01-01
491	Verbena litoralis	Puu Uau, Aiea		Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.		Oahu	BISH	1924-12-07
492	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
493	Verbena litoralis	Waianae Mts., South end		Preserved_Specimen		Harley, K.		Oahu	BISH	1956-05-04
494	Verbena litoralis	Pohakaloa Burn. 1979 burn above Pohakaloa Military Camp; Mauna Kea		Preserved_Specimen		Adee, K.T.		Hawaii	BISH
495	Verbena litoralis	Ko'olau Mountain; Pupukea, Paumaiu area, summit trail extending from Pupukea Road		Preserved_Specimen		Ziegler, M.F.		Oahu	BISH	1986-11-08
496	Verbena litoralis	Kealia Salt Marsh		Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.		Maui	BISH	1990-02-15
497	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
498	Verbena litoralis	Mokuleia Forest Reserve, Waianae Mts		Preserved_Specimen		Onouye, R.		Oahu	BISH	1934-02-04
499	Verbena litoralis	Valley above country club, Honolulu		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.		Oahu	BISH	1908-07-08
500	Verbena litoralis	S half of island		Preserved_Specimen		Stokes, J.F.G.		Niihau	BISH	1912-01-01
501	Verbena litoralis	Waipio		Preserved_Specimen		Swanson, R.		Hawaii	BISH	1931-08-29
502	Verbena litoralis	Palolo Valley, middle ridge	forest	Preserved_Specimen		Christophersen, E.	1666	Oahu	BISH	1931-03-26
503	Verbena litoralis	Palaau, west side of airport	pineapple field; dry, exposed, windy.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to sub-shrub with blue flowers	Herbst, D.R.	5092	Molokai	BISH	1974-11-11
504	Verbena litoralis	Mt. Kalena, Waianae	Lantana grove	Preserved_Specimen	herb 4 ft.	Grant, M.L.	7445	Oahu	BISH	1934-09-30
505	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
506	Verbena litoralis	Makanikahau Reservoir, Old	Dried mud	Preserved_Specimen		St.John, H.	23633	Niihau	BISH	1949-04-01
507	Verbena litoralis	Keauhou Ranch, Kau District	Alogn fenceline of horse corrall.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, with purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
508	Verbena litoralis	Puu Huluhulu. Near the escarpment Transect (T16)	Remnant dryland community. Common subshrub among Pennisetum setaceum.	Preserved_Specimen	Common subshrub.	Takeuchi, W.N.	5714	Hawaii	BISH	1989-12-26
509	Verbena litoralis	Maui		Preserved_Specimen		Neal, M.C.		Maui	BISH	1933-08-01
510	Verbena litoralis	unknown		Preserved_Specimen		Mann, H.	437		BISH	1864-01-01
511	Verbena litoralis	Kilauea, Kaloko Reservoir		Preserved_Specimen		Forbes, C.N.	572	Kauai	BISH	1916-10-11
512	Verbena litoralis	Palawai		Preserved_Specimen		Munro, G.C.	365	Lanai	BISH	1928-08-01
513	Verbena litoralis	Koloa, Kalaheo, upper end of Puuwai Rd.	wet roadside secondary forest; Wedelia	Preserved_Specimen	to 0.5 m herb, slender; square stem, small purple flowers	Trauernicht, C.	205	Kauai	BISH	2007-10-15
514	Verbena litoralis	Nawaimaka drainage.	Acacia-Metrosideros mesic forest, open to closed canopy, riparian with moderate to steep banks. W/Kadua affinis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Psychotria mariniana, Antidesma platyphylla, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiense, Alyxia stellata, Chamaesyce atrocicca, Carex alligata, Cyrtandra kauai	Preserved_Specimen	1.5 m. tall, stems green, corolla pale pruple.	Wood, K.R.	13816	Kauai	BISH	2009-07-16
515	Verbena litoralis	Kau District: Keauhou Ranch	Along fenceline of horse corrall in lower pastures of ranch.	Preserved_Specimen	Herb, 3 ft. tall, purple flowers.	Davis, J.	166	Hawaii	BISH	1979-12-18
516	Verbena litoralis	stream bank below Dillingham Field wetland	grasses	Preserved_Specimen		Funk, E.J.	1105	Oahu	BISH	1990-05-08
517	Verbena litoralis	Kaluanui Flats	Pineapple fields	Preserved_Specimen	Herb to 1 m; stem quadrangular. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, margins serrate. Flowering terminal small with blue corollas.	Spence, G.	369	Lanai	BISH	1973-10-24
518	Verbena litoralis	Keanakolu, Hilo Forest Reserve	Vegetation: Dryopteris, Pennisetum clandestinum, Acacia koa, Coprosma, Passiflora mollissima and Rubus.	Preserved_Specimen		Higashino, P.K.	6965	Hawaii	BISH	1978-03-01
519	Verbena litoralis	Mauna Kea (Puu Laau Road)	In open Mamane-Naio forest.	Preserved_Specimen		Engilis Jr., A.	39	Hawaii	BISH	1987-08-19
520	Verbena litoralis	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Along Kipuka Puaulu trail, to the right of no. 17 signpost	in open sunny area.	Preserved_Specimen		Herat, T.	559	Hawaii	BISH	1974-06-12

Verbena litoralis

Kunth (1818)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae Genus: Verbena

‘ōwī [owi], ha‘uoi (Ni‘ihau via St. John), oī [oi], ōwī, vervain

Description

Historical Distribution

Images

Synonyms (32)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Island Status

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Specimens

Conservation Status

Notes

Bibliography

Occurrences

Verbena litoralis

Kunth (1818)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae Genus: Verbena

‘ōwī [owi], ha‘uoi (Ni‘ihau via St. John), oī [oi], ōwī, vervain

Description

Historical Distribution

Images

Synonyms (32)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Island Status

Dispersal Agents

Pollinators

Specimens

Conservation Status

Notes

Bibliography

Occurrences

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